Towards Generalist Graph-Level Anomaly Detection

Authors: Junjun Pan , Yixin Liu , Yu Zheng , Fuyi Li , Alan Wee-Chung Liew , Shirui Pan

View a PDF of the paper titled Towards Generalist Graph-Level Anomaly Detection, by Junjun Pan and 5 other authors

View PDF

Abstract: Graph-level anomaly detection (GLAD) aims to identify graphs that deviate significantly from the majority. While recent advances have achieved competitive performance, existing approaches mainly follow a dataset-specific paradigm, requiring substantial in-domain data and training cost when applied to new application scenarios. This limits their scalability and practicality in real-world applications where labeled data is scarce and diverse domains are continuously emerging. In this paper, we investigate the problem of generalist GLAD, which seeks to learn a single unified model capable of detecting anomalous graphs across multiple domains with minimal supervision on the target data. This problem introduces key challenges, including learning transferable patterns from heterogeneous graph datasets and effective adaptation under limited supervision. To address these challenges, we propose GenGLAD, a generalist GLAD approach that leverages discriminative subgraph extraction as the core mechanism to learn transferable anomaly knowledge and enable efficient adaptation to new domains. Specifically, GenGLAD employs a graph neural network-based discriminative subgraph extraction model to learn the anomaly-discriminative substructures that distinguish anomalous and normal graphs across diverse domains. During the test-time adaptation phase, multi-dimensional discrepancies between the extracted subgraph and multi-level contextual information are calculated to characterize anomalies from multiple perspectives. For efficient adaptation, a lightweight scoring module is introduced to automatically decide the most informative signals, improving robustness against misleading patterns. Extensive experiments on diverse benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves strong performance, superior generalization ability, and improved data efficiency compared to existing methods.

Comments:

Accepted by NIPS26

Subjects:

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

Cite as:

arXiv:2611.07706 [cs.AI]

(or

arXiv:2611.07706v1 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.07706

Focus to learn more

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Junjun Pan Mr. [ view email ]

[v1]

Thu, 5 Nov 2026 09:26:57 UTC (747 KB)

Full-text links:

Access Paper:

View a PDF of the paper titled Towards Generalist Graph-Level Anomaly Detection, by Junjun Pan and 5 other authors

View PDF

TeX Source

view license

Additional Features

Audio Summary

Current browse context:

cs.AI

< prev

next >

new

recent

| 2026-11

Change to browse by:

cs

References & Citations

SciX

Google Scholar

Semantic Scholar

export BibTeX citation

Loading...

BibTeX formatted citation

loading...

Data provided by:

Bookmark

Bibliographic Tools

Bibliographic and Citation Tools

Bibliographic Explorer Toggle

Bibliographic Explorer ( What is the Explorer? )

Connected Papers Toggle

Connected Papers ( What is Connected Papers? )

Litmaps Toggle

Litmaps ( What is Litmaps? )

scite.ai Toggle

scite Smart Citations ( What are Smart Citations? )

Code, Data, Media

Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article

alphaXiv Toggle

alphaXiv ( What is alphaXiv? )

Links to Code Toggle

CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers ( What is CatalyzeX? )

DagsHub Toggle

DagsHub ( What is DagsHub? )

GotitPub Toggle

Gotit.pub ( What is GotitPub? )

Huggingface Toggle

Hugging Face ( What is Huggingface? )

ScienceCast Toggle

ScienceCast ( What is ScienceCast? )

Demos

Demos

Replicate Toggle

Replicate ( What is Replicate? )

Spaces Toggle

Hugging Face Spaces ( What is Spaces? )

Spaces Toggle

TXYZ.AI ( What is TXYZ.AI? )

Related Papers

Recommenders and Search Tools

Link to Influence Flower

Influence Flower ( What are Influence Flowers? )

Core recommender toggle

CORE Recommender ( What is CORE? )

Author

Venue

Institution

Topic

About arXivLabs

arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs .

Which authors of this paper are endorsers? |

Disable MathJax ( What is MathJax? )